VoltDiff (Differential Voltage Measurement)
The VoltDiff instruction is used to make a differential voltage measurement on one or more analog channels. The output is in millivolts.
Syntax
VoltDiff ( Dest, Reps, Range, DiffChan, RevDiff, SettlingTime, fN1, Mult, Offset )
Example
Following is a program showing the use of the VoltDiff instruction.
'CR1000X Series Datalogger
Public DiffVolt
DataTable(Hourly,True,-1)
DataInterval(0,60,Min,0)
Sample(1,DiffVolt,IEEE4)
Average(1,DiffVolt,IEEE4,0)
Minimum(1,DiffVolt,IEEE4,0,0)
Maximum(1,DiffVolt,IEEE4,0,0)
EndTable
BeginProg
Scan(1,Sec,1,0)
'Generic
Differential Voltage measurements DiffVolt:
VoltDiff(DiffVolt,1,mv2500,1,True,0,4000,1.0,0.0)
CallTable(Hourly)
NextScan
EndProg
Remarks
This instruction measures the voltage difference between the high and low inputs of a differential channel. Both the high and low inputs must be in the range of -100 mV to +5000 mV relative to the datalogger's ground.
Parameters
Dest (Destination)
The Variable in which to store the results of the instruction. Right-click the parameter to display a list of defined variables.
If this instruction has a Repetitions parameter and it is greater than 1, the results are stored in an array with the variable name. The array must be dimensioned large enough to hold all of the values returned from all of the Reps.
Type: Variable or Array
Reps (Repetitions)
The number of repetitions for the measurement or instruction.
Type: Constant integer (or expression that evaluates as a constant).
For the VoltDiff instruction, measurements are made on consecutive channels. If the Reps parameter is greater than 1, the Dest parameter must be a variable array.
Range
The voltage range for the measurement or input sensor. An alphanumeric code is entered. Right-click the parameter to display a list or enter the code directly.
| Code | Description |
|---|---|
| mV2500 | -100 to 2500 mV |
| mV34 | -34 to +34 mV |
| Code | Description |
|---|---|
| mV5000 | +5000 mV |
| mV1000 | +1000 mV |
| mv200 | +200 mV |
| Autorange | Datalogger tests for and uses most suitable range. |
| AutorangeC | Autorange, checks for open input. |
| mV5000C | +5000 mV, checks for open input, sets excitation to ~ |
| mV1000C | +1000 mV, checks for open input, sets excitation to ~1250 mV. |
| mV200C | +200 mV, checks for open input, sets excitation to ~1250 mV. |
Autorange increases the time to make the measurement. For signals that do not fluctuate too rapidly, AutoRange allows the datalogger to automatically choose the input voltage range. AutoRange results in two voltage measurements being performed. The first voltage measurement is done quickly at a first notch frequency (fN1) of 50 kHz, the result of which determines the input voltage range to use for the second measurement. The second measurement is then performed using the range determined from the first measurement, along with the fN1 chosen for the measurement instruction. Both measurements use the settling time chosen for the particular measurement instruction. Auto-ranging optimizes resolution but takes longer than a fixed range measurement because of the two-measurement sequence. The exception to this two-measurement sequence is if Reps are made on the same channel (Reps parameter is negative). In this instance, the test measurement is made only once. Subsequent repetitions are made with the delay between each measurement being the specified settling time. Autorange should not be used if fast measurements are required or if the analog signal could change significantly over the course of the measurement.
The C options check for an open connection on the analog input by applying a short overranging test signal to the analog input prior to making the measurement. For a voltage range of mv5000C,
The open-detect option may not work properly in the presence of external leakage (< 1 MOhm) to ground, as the overrange test signal could discharge through the external leakage during the input settling time such that an overrange condition no longer exists. In this case the measurement settling time should be minimized to minimize the discharge time of the overrange test signal.
The open circuit detection (C option) can cause measurement errors for slow responding sensors, as such sensors may not have sufficient time to recover from the applied short duration (50 microseconds) test signal. For such sensors, increasing the measurement settling time beyond the default may be necessary for sufficient sensor recovery time. If measurement speed is critical with a slow responding sensor, then it may be preferable to not use the open detect (C option).
Type: Constant
DiffChan (Differential Channel)
Specifies the
If the DiffChan number is entered as a negative value, all Reps are
performed on the same channel (burst measurement). The CR1000 burst measurement sampling
| fN1 (Hz) | Burst Sampling Rate |
|---|---|
| 50 or 60 | 50 mSec (or 20 samples per second) |
| 400 | 6.25 mSec (or 160 samples per second) |
| 4000 | 0.5 mSec (or 2000 samples per second) |
| Code | Description |
|---|---|
| U1 | Universal Terminals 1 and 2 (U1 = high/U2 = low) |
| U3 | Universal Terminals 3 and 4 (U3 = high/U4 = low) |
| U5 | Universal Terminals 5 and 6 (U5 = high/U6 = low) |
| U7 | Universal Terminals 7 and 8 (U7 = high/U8 = low) |
| U9 | Universal Terminals 9 and 10 (U9 = high/U10 = low) |
| U11 | Universal Terminals 11 and 12 (U11 = high/U12 = low) |
| Code | Description |
|---|---|
| 1 | Differential Channel 1 (SE 1 and 2) |
| 2 | Differential Channel 2 (SE 3 and 4) |
| 3 | Differential Channel 3 (SE 5 and 6) |
| 4 | Differential Channel 4 (SE 7 and 8) |
| 5 | Differential Channel 5 (SE 9 and 10) |
| 6 | Differential Channel 6 (SE 11 and 12) |
| 7 | Differential Channel 7 (SE 13 and 14) |
| 8 | Differential Channel 8 (SE 15 and 16) |
Type: Constant
For the VoltDiff instruction, the CR1000 burst measurement sampling rate is determined by the fN1(first notch frequency) parameter. See the following fN1 parameter for more information.
| fN1 (Hz) | Burst Sampling Rate |
|---|---|
| 50 or 60 | 50 mSec (or 20 samples per second) |
| 400 | 6.25 mSec (or 160 samples per second) |
| 4000 | 0.5 mSec (or 2000 samples per second) |
Reverse Differential (RevDiff)
A constant value is entered to determine whether the inputs are reversed and a second measurement made. This removes any voltage offset errors due to the datalogger measurement circuitry, including
| Logic | Description |
|---|---|
| False or 0 | Signal is measured with the high side referenced to the low. Do not make second measurement. |
| True or 1 | Reverse input and make second measurement. |
Type: Constant or Variable
Settling Time
The amount of time to allow for signal settling after setting up a measurement (switching to the channel, setting the excitation) and before making the measurement.
Additional SettlingTime may be necessary to allow the signal to settle with high resistance or long lead lengths (higher capacitance). The time it will take to make the measurement will include the measurement itself, the SettlingTime, fN1, and whether or not parameters are set to remove voltage offset errors. Using either RevDiff or RevEx causes two SettlingTimes to occur per channel; four SettlingTimes will occur when using both RevDiff and RevEx.
Type: Constant (or expression that evaluates as a constant)
fN1
Determines the lowest frequency that will be eliminated or notched out by the sinc filter. This filter notches out frequencies at integer multiples of fN1 by averaging for a time equal to 1/fN1;
thus, lower fN1 frequencies result in longer measurement times.
| Option | Description |
|---|---|
| 50 | Standard measurement speed; requires 50 msec to filter 50 Hz noise |
| 60 | Standard measurement speed; requires 50 msec to filter 60 Hz noise |
| 400 | Medium measurement speed; performs a 6.25 msec integration to filter 400 Hz noise |
| 4000 | Fast measurement speed; performs a 0.5 msec integration to filter 4000 Hz noise |
| Option | Description |
|---|---|
| 15000 | Performs a 0.0667 millisecond integration (for fast measurements) |
| 60 (or _60Hz) | Performs a 16.67 millisecond integration (filters 60 Hz noise) |
| 50 (or _50Hz) | Performs a 20 millisecond integration (filters 50 Hz noise) |
Type: Constant
Mult, Offset (Multiplier and Offset)
Factors by which to scale the raw results of the measurement. Typically used to convert the raw measurement to engineering units or to units other than which is output. For example, the TCDiff instruction measures a thermocouple and outputs temperature in degrees C. A multiplier of 1.8 and an offset of 32 will convert the temperature to degrees F.
For temperature measurements, a multiplier (mult) of 1 and an offset of 0, would output in degrees Celsius. For analog measurements, a multiplier (mult) of 1 and an offset of 0, would output the measured voltage in millivolts divided by the excitation voltage in volts.
If Repetitions of greater than 1 are used for this instruction, Repetitions can also be used for the Multiplier and Offset. Multipliers, Offsets, and Disable Variables with Repetitions
Type: Constant, Variable, Array, or Expression